The fabric air permeability tester is an instrument specially used to measure the air permeability of fabrics (such as clothing, footwear, industrial textiles, etc.). Its core purpose is to evaluate the ability of materials to allow air to pass under different pressure difference conditions. The following are its main application scenarios and purposes:

1. Quality control and production optimization

Production process verification: Ensure that the air permeability of fabrics during the production process (such as textile, coating, lamination, etc.) meets the design standards to avoid performance degradation due to process deviations.

Batch consistency detection: Compare different batches of raw materials or finished products to maintain the stability of product air permeability.

2. Functional clothing and equipment development

Sports/outdoor clothing: Test the air permeability of products such as assault jackets and mountaineering clothes, and balance the needs of windproof and moisture removal (such as the research and development of fabrics such as GORE-TEX).

Protective equipment: Evaluate the air permeability of medical protective clothing and industrial dustproof clothing to ensure the protective effect while avoiding stuffiness.

Shoe materials and tents: Optimize the air permeability of upper materials or tent fabrics to improve wearing comfort or ventilation performance.

3. Industry standards and certification

Compliance testing: meet international standards (such as ISO 9237, ASTM D737, GB/T 5453, etc.) and obtain product certification (such as CE, OEKO-TEX).

R&D benchmarking: compare competitor or industry benchmark data to guide new product development.

4. Material research and innovation

Evaluation of new materials: test the air permeability efficiency of innovative materials such as nanofibers and breathable membranes to promote technology applications.

Analysis of multi-layer composite materials: study the impact of different laminate structures (such as non-woven fabrics + films) on overall air permeability.

5. User experience and market competitiveness

Comfort quantification: convert air permeability data (such as mm/s or cfm) into product selling points (such as "air permeability increased by 20%)" to enhance market persuasiveness.

Problem diagnosis: for the "stuffy" problem complained by users, locate material or design defects through testing.

Brief description of test principle

The instrument applies a controllable air pressure difference on both sides of a fixed area of fabric to measure the volume of air (or flow rate) passing through per unit time. The results are usually expressed as air permeability (such as L/m²/s) or air permeability resistance, with higher values indicating greater air permeability.

Key parameters for selecting a tester

Test standard compatibility (such as support for multiple international standards)

Range and accuracy (adapting to different materials from dense down-proof fabrics to sparse mesh fabrics)

Automation functions (such as digital pressure regulation, direct data export)

This type of instrument is indispensable in textile laboratories, quality inspection agencies and R&D centers, and directly affects the functional positioning and market acceptance of products.

Email: hello@utstesters.com

Direct: + 86 152 6060 5085

Tel: +86-596-7686689

Web: www.utstesters.com

High temperature environment can affect the efficiency and accuracy of stepper motors, which may lead to step loss.

1、 Working principle of stepper motor

A stepper motor is a type of motor that converts electrical pulse signals into rotational angle outputs. Each time a pulse signal is received, the stepper motor rotates a fixed angle, usually 1.8 or 0.9 degrees. Therefore, stepper motors can accurately control the rotation angle and speed, and are often used in mechanical equipment that requires precise control.

2、 The impact of high temperature environment on stepper motors

High temperature environments can have a negative impact on the operation of stepper motors. Firstly, high temperatures can cause the temperature of the coils inside the motor to rise, thereby increasing resistance and affecting motor performance. Secondly, the aerodynamic performance in high-temperature environments is poor, which can reduce the cooling efficiency of the motor. Finally, high temperature may also cause expansion and deformation of motor materials, intensify friction, and affect the accuracy and efficiency of the motor.

3、 Step loss problem of stepper motor in high temperature environment

In high temperature environments, the problem of step loss in stepper motors is quite serious. When the temperature of the motor increases, the resistance of the coil will increase, which will cause a decrease in current and affect the rotation of the motor. In addition, high temperature environments can weaken the cooling efficiency of the motor, further exacerbating the problem of step loss. Therefore, to ensure the stability and accuracy of the stepper motor, special protection and control are required in high-temperature environments.

4、 How to solve the problem of step loss in stepper motors under high temperature environment

To solve the problem of step loss of stepper motors in high temperature environments, we can start from the following aspects:

1. Use high temperature resistant materials: Choosing high temperature resistant materials can reduce the high temperature impact on the motor.

2. Regular motor inspection: Regularly check the temperature and condition of the motor to promptly identify and solve problems.

3. Strengthen cooling measures: Increase cooling measures for the motor, such as adding heat sinks, installing fans, and reducing motor workload.

4. Use temperature sensors: Install temperature sensors to monitor the motor temperature in a timely manner, and issue alarms and handle issues promptly when the temperature is too high.

High temperature environment can have a certain degree of impact on the efficiency and accuracy of stepper motors, and even cause step loss problems. To ensure the stability and accuracy of the stepper motor, it is best to use high temperature resistant stepper motor

Ctrl-Motor is the overseas business office established in Shenzhen by DDON （Chengdu, headquartered in Sichuan, China. The company has a team of nearly 100 senior engineers, specializing in the production of special motors ranging from deep low temperature of - 196°C to ultra - high temperature of +300°C and extreme environments.

This article analyzes the system architecture and technical characteristics of rapid temperature change test chambers, by systematically studying the technical parameters and functional design of key components, it provides theoretical guidance for equipment selection and process optimization.

1.Technical Principles and System Architecture

Rapid temperature change test chambers operate based on thermodynamic transfer principles, achieving nonlinear temperature gradient variations through high-precision temperature control systems. Typical equipment can attain temperature change rates ≥15℃/min within a range of -70℃ to +150℃. The system comprises four core modules:

(1) Heat exchange system: Multi-stage cascade refrigeration structure

(2) Air circulation system: Adjustable vertical/horizontal airflow guidance

(3) Intelligent control system: Multivariable PID algorithm

(4) Safety protection system: Triple interlock protection mechanism

2.Analysis of Key Technical Features

2.1 Structural Design Optimization

The chamber adopts modular design with SUS304 stainless steel welding technology. A double-layer Low-E glass observation window achieves >98% thermal resistance. The CFD-optimized drainage channel design reduces steam condensation to <0.5 mL/h.

2.2 Intelligent Control System

Equipped with Japan-made YUDEN UMC1200 controller.

2.3 Refrigeration System Innovation

Incorporates French Tecumseh hermetic scroll compressors with R404A/R23 refrigerants.

 3.Safety and Reliability Design

3.1 Electrical Safety System

• Complies with IEC 61010-1 CLASS 3
•  
• Schneider Electric components with full-circuit isolation
•  
• Grounding resistance <0.1Ω
•  
• Overcurrent protection response <0.1s

3.2 Multi-level Protection

• Triple-channel PT100 temperature monitoring
• Dual pressure switches
• Dry-burn humidity protection
• Emergency pressure relief valve

4.Technological Applications

(1) Aerospace: Thermal-vacuum testing for satellite components

(2) New energy vehicles: Battery pack thermal shock tests

(3) Microelectronics: Chip package reliability verification

(4) Materials science: Composite interlayer thermal stress analysis

5.Technological Trends

(1) Multi-stress coupling tests: Temperature-vibration-humidity simulation

(2) Digital twin integration: Virtual system modeling

(3) AI-driven parameter optimization: Machine learning-based curve tuning

(4) Energy efficiency: 40%+ heat recovery rate

Conclusion: With increasing reliability requirements in advanced industries, future development will emphasize intelligent operation, high precision, and multidimensional environmental simulation. Subsequent research should focus on integrating equipment with product failure mechanism models to advance environmental testing from verification to predictive analysis.

Click to view related products.

Lab Companion, your trusted brand.

Amid the wave of the global energy revolution, ice thermal storage technology is emerging as a powerful enabler of smarter, more sustainable energy use. As a pioneer with decades of experience in the HVAC industry, H.Stars Group is at the forefront of integrating technological innovation with environmental responsibility—and ice storage is at the heart of this transformation.

At H.Stars, we've gone beyond the basics—ice storage has evolved into a multi-faceted energy ecosystem that addresses diverse challenges with precision and innovation:

• Industrial Applications:

A glycol ice storage system customized for an automotive manufacturing facility maintains consistent cooling water temperature within ±0.5°C, boosting product yield by 12%.

• Commercial Buildings:

In a major commercial complex in Shanghai, our modular ice storage solution reduced air-conditioning season electricity costs by 40%, cutting carbon emissions by 800 tons annually.

• District Cooling:

In a smart park in Southern China, our distributed ice storage stations, integrated with photovoltaic power systems, optimize clean energy usage and reduce reliance on traditional energy sources.
These real-world cases reflect our transformation from a provider of energy-saving tools to a partner delivering end-to-end energy solutions. By incorporating dynamic load forecasting algorithms and intelligent control systems, H.Stars ensures that every cubic meter of ice releases exactly the cooling energy required—delivering truly on-demand performance.
With China’s dual carbon goals (“peak carbon” and “carbon neutrality”) gaining momentum, H.Stars is scaling up the impact of ice thermal storage across new frontiers:

• Energy Integration:

In a northern data center, our ice storage system works in tandem with waste heat recovery, creating a closed-loop tri-generation system (cooling-heating-power).

• Material Innovation:

Our research into phase-change ice storage materials is increasing cold energy density by 50%, while reducing equipment footprint by one-third.
And the future is even more promising: as ice storage intersects with emerging technologies like hydrogen energy and virtual power plants, it’s no longer just a component of HVAC—it’s becoming a key node in the smart city energy grid.
At H.Stars, we see ice storage not only as an engineering breakthrough, but as a testament to nature’s equilibrium. True innovation, we believe, should shine with technological brilliance while honoring ecological harmony. With ice thermal storage at the core, we continue building a more resilient, intelligent energy ecosystem—where every kilowatt contributes to a sustainable balance between technology and the environment.

Breathability is an important indicator for measuring the comfort of textiles, and is particularly suitable for quality control of products such as sportswear, outdoor equipment, and medical textiles. An air permeability tester can scientifically evaluate the ability of air to pass through fabrics to ensure that the product meets industry standards (such as ISO 9237, ASTM D737, etc.). This article will provide a detailed introduction to the use of an air permeability tester to help you obtain accurate and repeatable test data.

1. Equipment and preparation

(1) Composition of an air permeability tester

Test head: Fixed sample, usually with test holes of different diameters (such as 20cm², 38cm², etc.).

Airflow control system: Adjusts and measures air flow (unit: mm/s or cm³/cm²/s).

Pressure sensor: Detects the pressure difference on both sides of the sample (unit: Pa).

Display/software: Displays test data, and some devices support data export.

(2) Calibration and inspection

Calibration: Calibrate the equipment using a standard calibration plate according to the instructions to ensure accurate data.

Air tightness check: Test whether the airflow is stable when unloaded to avoid air leakage affecting the results.

Environmental conditions: It is recommended to test under standard temperature and humidity (such as 20±2℃, 65±4% RH) to avoid interference from environmental factors.

(3) Sample preparation

Cut at least 5 representative samples (such as 20cm×20cm), avoiding fabric edges or obvious defect areas.

If different parts are tested (such as the front chest and back of the garment), samples must be taken and marked separately.

2. Test steps

(1) Install the sample

1. Loosen the test head clamp and place the sample flat on the test area to avoid wrinkles or stretching.

2. Tighten the clamp evenly to ensure that the sample is fixed and there is no air leakage (you can check by lightly pressing the edge with your fingers).

(2) Set parameters

Test standard: Select the applicable standard (such as ISO 9237, GB/T 5453, etc.).

Test area: Select the test hole size according to the thickness of the sample (small holes for thin fabrics and large holes for thick fabrics).

Pressure difference setting: usually 100Pa or 125Pa, adjusted according to the standard requirements.

(3) Start the test

1. Start the equipment, the system will automatically apply a stable airflow and measure the air permeability.

2. After the value stabilizes (usually 10-30 seconds), record the data (unit: mm/s or L/m²/s).

(4) Repeat the test

Each sample should be tested at least 3 times, and the average value should be taken as the final result.

If the data difference is too large (>10%), it is necessary to check whether the sample is improperly fixed or the equipment is abnormal.

3. Data interpretation and reporting

(1) Common air permeability units

mm/s (millimeter/second): The speed of air flow passing through the fabric vertically.

L/m²/s (liter/square meter/second): The amount of air flow passing through a unit area per unit time.

cfm (cubic feet/minute): Used in some European and American standards.

Summary

Textile air permeability tester is an indispensable tool in research and development, quality inspection and trade. Correct use of equipment and standardized operating procedures can ensure the reliability and comparability of test data. Whether it is product development or acceptance inspection, scientific air permeability evaluation can provide strong support for quality control.

Email: hello@utstesters.com

Direct: + 86 152 6060 5085

Tel: +86-596-7686689

Web: www.utstesters.com

I. Instrument introduction

The heat and sublimation fastness tester is a professional equipment used to determine the color stability of textiles under high temperature conditions. It mainly evaluates two properties:

1. Heat fastness: color change when the material contacts a high temperature surface

2. Sublimation fastness: color migration caused by the dye directly changing from solid to gas at high temperature

II. Preparation before testing

1. Sample preparation

Cut a sample with a size of 40mm×100mm

The sample needs to be balanced under standard atmospheric conditions (20±2℃, 65±2%RH) for 24 hours

Prepare multi-fiber adjacent fabrics or single-fiber adjacent fabrics of the same size

2. Instrument inspection

Confirm that the surface of the heating plate is clean and free of contamination

Check the accuracy of the temperature control system

Ensure that the pressure device is working properly

Calibrate the temperature sensor

III. Operation steps

Heat fastness test

1. Turn on the power and preheat the equipment to the set temperature (usually 180-210℃)

2. Lay the sample flat on the heating plate

3. Lower the pressure device and apply a standard pressure of (4±1) kPa

4. Start timing and keep contact for 30 seconds

5. Immediately raise the pressure device after the time is up and remove the sample

6. Cool the sample under standard atmospheric conditions

7. Use a gray sample card to assess the discoloration level

Sublimation fastness test

1. Overlap the sample with the front of the adjacent fabric

2. Place in a tester that has been preheated to the set temperature (temperature is selected according to the material type)

3. Apply standard pressure (4±1 kPa)

4. Keep for 30 seconds to 4 minutes (according to the test standard requirements)

5. Take out the sample and cool to room temperature

6. Assess the discoloration of the sample and the staining level of the adjacent fabric respectively

IV. Temperature selection reference

Polyester fabric: 180℃ or 210℃

Other synthetic fibers: adjusted according to the fiber melting point

Natural fibers: usually 150-180℃

V. Result evaluation

1. Use a standard gray sample card to assess:

Discoloration level (1-5, 5 is the best)

Staining level (1-5, 5 is the best)

2. Record the test conditions (temperature, time, pressure)

3. Take photos before and after the test

Related standards

ISO 105-X11: Textile color fastness test

AATCC 133: Heat color fastness

GB/T 8427: Textile color fastness test

Email: hello@utstesters.com

Direct: + 86 152 6060 5085

Tel: +86-596-7686689

Web: www.utstesters.com

Usually includes the following steps. The specific operation may vary slightly depending on the equipment model. Please refer to the equipment manual:

Preparation

1. Check the equipment

① Confirm that all parts of the tensile machine (clamp, handle, dial, etc.) are intact.

② Ensure that the clamp is clean and free of oil or residue to avoid affecting the test results.

2. Calibrate the equipment (first use or regular calibration)

Adjust the pointer to zero according to the manual, or use a standard weight to verify the accuracy of the reading.

3. Prepare the sample

(1) Sew the button to be tested on the standard fabric (or keep the button on the original garment), ensuring that the seam is firm.

(2) Cut the fabric and leave enough area around the button (usually ≥5cm×5cm) for clamping.

Test steps

1. Fix the sample

Upper clamp: clamp the fabric (avoid the seam) and ensure that the fabric is flat and does not slide.

Lower clamp: Clamp the button (if it is a four-hole button, it needs to be fixed with a special clamp or hook).

Note: The direction of the clamp must be consistent with the force direction of the button (such as vertical or horizontal stretching).

2. Start the test

(1) Slowly turn the handle or pull the lever to apply tension at a constant speed (usually the speed recommended is 10-15cm/min).

(2) Observe the connection between the button and the fabric until the button falls off or the stitching breaks.

3. Record data

(1) Read the maximum tension value indicated by the pointer (usually in Newtons N or pounds-force lbf).

(2) Record the damage form when the button falls off (such as stitching breakage, button fragmentation, etc.).

Post-test operation

1. Reset the equipment

(1) Loosen the clamp, remove the sample, and return the handle of the tensile machine to its original position.

(2) Clean the thread or fabric fragments remaining in the clamp.

2. Data analysis

Compare the test results with industry standards (such as ASTM D4846, ISO 13935, etc.) to determine whether the button is qualified.

Precautions

Safe operation: Avoid rapid force or overload testing to prevent the fixture from breaking and injuring people.

Environmental conditions: It is recommended to test in a standard temperature and humidity environment (such as 23±2℃, 50±5%RH).

Multiple tests: It is recommended to test the same button 3-5 times and take the average value to improve accuracy.

Common problem handling

The pointer does not return to zero: Check whether the spring or lever is stuck, and contact the manufacturer for calibration if necessary.

Button slips: Replace the fixture or use an anti-slip pad to enhance the clamping force.

If more detailed guidance is required, please provide the equipment model or refer to the specific manual.

Email: hello@utstesters.com

Direct: + 86 152 6060 5085

Tel: +86-596-7686689

Web: www.utstesters.com

I. Instrument overview

The manual rubbing color fastness tester is used to evaluate the color transfer degree of textiles, leather, coated fabrics and other materials under dry or wet rubbing conditions. The equipment is easy to operate and is suitable for rapid color fastness testing in laboratories or factories. It complies with relevant standards (such as GB/T 3920, ISO 105-X12, AATCC 8, etc.).

II. Test principle

By manually operating the friction device, the standard friction cloth is rubbed back and forth on the surface of the sample with the specified pressure and number of frictions, and the color staining of the friction cloth is observed and compared with the standard grayscale sample card for rating.

III. Operation steps

1. Preparation

Sample preparation:

Cut the sample to be tested with a size of ≥20cm×5cm (adjusted according to the standard), ensuring that the surface is flat, wrinkle-free and stain-free.

Rubbing cloth cutting: Use standard bleached cotton cloth (as specified in GB/T 7568) and cut it into a 5cm×5cm square.

Wet friction test: The friction cloth needs to be soaked with distilled water, and the moisture content is controlled at 100±5% (the moisture can be controlled by wringing).

2. Install the friction cloth

Wrap the friction cloth flatly on the friction head (usually a round friction head with a diameter of 16mm) and fix it with a rubber band or a fixing clip to ensure that there is no looseness or wrinkles.

3. Fix the sample

Spread the sample to be tested flat on the test bench or flat table and fix it with a clamp to prevent movement.

4. Manual friction test

Dry friction test:

1. Press the friction head wrapped with the friction cloth vertically on the surface of the sample.

2. Apply standard pressure (usually 9N or as required by the standard).

3. Rub back and forth 10 times at a uniform speed in the straight direction (one way is about 10cm, speed is about 1 time/second).

Wet friction test:

1. After the friction cloth is soaked, gently squeeze out excess water (avoid dripping).

2. Perform the test according to the dry friction steps. After the friction is completed, remove the friction cloth and dry it immediately.

5. Result evaluation

After the friction cloth is dry (wet friction needs to be dried naturally), compare it with the standard staining gray scale sample card (such as ISO 105-A03) and evaluate the staining level (level 5 is the best and level 1 is the worst).

Record the test results of dry friction and wet friction, and use the lower level as the final evaluation.

Email: hello@utstesters.com

Direct: + 86 152 6060 5085

Tel: +86-596-7686689

Web: www.utstesters.com

Dear customers:

Hello!

On the occasion of May Day, thank you for your trust and support for our company. According to the national statutory holidays and the actual situation of our company, the holiday time and service arrangements are hereby notified as follows:

Our holiday time:

May 1, 2025 (Thursday) to May 5 (Monday), a total of 5 days.

April 27 (Sunday) and May 10 (Saturday) will be normal work.

Service arrangements:

1. During the holiday, our company will suspend logistics delivery (if you need urgent assistance, please contact the duty phone: 0596-7686689).

Thank you again for your understanding and support! I wish you a happy holiday and a healthy family!

UTS International Co., Ltd.

April 25, 2025

1. Product Overview

Single yarn strength refers to the maximum force that a single yarn can withstand when it is stretched and broken, and is one of the important indicators for measuring yarn quality. This product is suitable for testing and evaluating yarn strength in the textile industry.

2. Scope of application

1. Strength test of various types of yarns such as cotton yarn, wool yarn, and chemical fiber yarn

2. Quality control of textile production enterprises

3. Acceptance standards for yarn procurement

4. Material performance research of scientific research institutions

3. Technical parameters

1. Test range: 0-5000cN

2. Accuracy: ±1%

3. Clamping distance: 100mm, 250mm, 500mm (adjustable)

4. Stretching speed: 50-500mm/min (adjustable)

5. Test environment: temperature 20±2℃, relative humidity 65±3%

4. Operation steps

4.1 Preparation

1. Place the instrument on a stable workbench

2. Connect the power supply and preheat for 15 minutes

3. Set the appropriate clamping distance and stretching speed according to the yarn type

4. Prepare the yarn sample to be tested to ensure that it is not damaged and has no knots

4.2 Test process

1. Clamp the yarn sample vertically in the upper and lower clamps

2. Ensure that the yarn is not loose and is perpendicular to the fixture

3. Start the test program

4. The instrument automatically records the breaking strength value

5. Repeat the test at least 20 times to obtain reliable data

4.3 Data processing

1. Calculate the average single yarn strength

2. Calculate the strength unevenness

3. Record the maximum and minimum values

4. Generate a test report

5. Notes

1. The instrument should be calibrated before testing

2. Different types of yarn should use corresponding test parameters

3. Avoid the fixture from clamping the yarn and affecting the test results

4. The temperature and humidity of the test environment should meet the standard requirements

5. Clean the fixture surface regularly to maintain the test accuracy

6. Maintenance

1. Perform a full calibration once a month.

2. Clean the instrument surface after each use.

3. Check the sensor sensitivity regularly.

4. When not in use for a long time, the power should be turned off and covered to prevent dust.

Email: hello@utstesters.com

Direct: + 86 152 6060 5085

Tel: +86-596-7686689

Web: www.utstesters.com